The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope specifically designed to conduct infrared astronomy. Its high-resolution and high-sensitivity instruments allow it to view objects too old, distant, or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope. This enables investigations across many fields of astronomy and cosmology, such as observation of the first stars and the formation of the first galaxies, and detailed atmospheric characterization of potentially habitable exoplanets. The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) led Webb's design and development and partnered with two main agencies: the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Maryland managed telescope development, while the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore on the Homewood Campus of Johns Hopkins University operates Webb. The primary contractor for the project was Northrop Grumman. The telescope is named after James E. Webb, who was the administrator of NASA from 1961 to 1968 during the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs.

Thursday, December 22, 2022

Why it's Important for the Ruling Party and the Opposition to Work Together


In a constitutional democracy like India, the Ruling Party and the Opposition both play a crucial role in the development and progress of the country.

This is done by consensus building, taking in constructive feedback from the Opposition, treating the Opposition with respect and regard, and finally by coming to a decision after research and fact-based discussions and debates in the Parliament. It needs to be underlined that even when a party is sitting in the Opposition, it is a partner and a stakeholder in the nation’s progress and, thus, it is the duty of the Treasury benches to treat them as equals. Running down the Opposition, stifling their voice, making fun of its leaders’,  doesn’t show good democratic traditions. Here are seven ways in which the Ruling party and the Opposition can work together, in tandem.

THE RULING PARTY SHOULD TAKE CRITICISM IN A STRIDE

Why it should do so? Your well-wishers and your true friends are your critics and those who disagree with you, not the army of sycophants you have kept in the backyard. Sycophants will suppress the truth, keep you in darkness, will give you false praise, and will thus prevent you from taking the right decisions.

How it should do so? The leaders of the Ruling party, especially the Prime Minister, must keep an open mind and learn to put himself in the other person’s shoes and see things from the other person’s point of view. This will give him a 360 degree perspective and will open his mind to flaws and shortcomings in his speech, behaviour, and actions.

THE RULING PARTY SHOULD NOT MARGINALISE THE OPPOSITION

Why it should do so? If the Ruling party marginalises the Opposition, it smacks of arrogance and I-know-all attitude. This is the beginning of its downfall. Remember, no party or Prime Minister remains in office perennially. If you deny the Opposition space, it could lead to extremism and terrorism by a section of the society, and this is detrimental for the country.

How it should do so? When the Ruling Party realises that the Opposition leaders are constitutionally elected representatives of the people, it will have an attitude of deference towards them. This can be done by having luncheon meetings with Opposition leaders once every three months, ensuring their participation in the visits of state dignitaries, and including them in Parliamentary committees.

INSTITUTIONALISE DEMOCRACY WITHIN AND IN THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM

Why it should do so? If you have an arbitrary and unilateral way of choosing leaders, you may end up with an electoral autocrat, an overbearing leader, and in the worst-case scenario---a dictator. No leader would like history to record him in such a way. Every leader would like to be remembered as one who strengthened constitutional democracy and one who governed well.    

How it should do so? While it is the prerogative of the Prime Minister to choose such people who are trustworthy, loyal and able, it would be better if the Prime Ministerial candidate himself is elected by the party and its workers. Further, the Ruling Party should strengthen the position of the CEC, give him the requisite powers and autonomy so that elections are conducted in a transparent way.

RULING PARTY SHOULD BE OPEN AND RECEPTIVE TO IDEAS AND PUBLIC OPINION

Why it should do so? An individual’s capacity to think and generate ideas is finite and limited. If he is not well read, doesn’t have an inquisitive, creative and curious mind, his ability to think with clarity is seriously eroded. When you are open and receptive to ideas and public opinion, it will act like a compass and guide you in your journey along the path.

How it should do so? This can be done by ensuring freedom of speech and the Press. Secondly, by encouraging and funding think tanks who bring in a different and divergent perspective. However, in such a case, it becomes the duty of the public and the Press to speak and report with responsibility. In this respect, Modiji has taken a good step by asking the public for suggestions and ideas for topics in his monthly ‘mann ki baat’.

OPPOSITION SHOULD HOLD THE GOVERNMENT IN POWER ACCOUNTABLE.

Why it should do so? If the Opposition believes it’s an equal stakeholder in the country’s progress, it will behave maturely and ensure accountability of the government in power, while at the same time waiting patiently to occupy the Treasury benches when its time comes. A billion and a half eyes watch, hear, and infer from the MPs in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, what they say off and on the record.

How it should do so? The Opposition must put its house in order, and have a gameplan for the future of the country, one which is positively dynamic, and not destructive. If you have MPs from the Opposition who talk about the break up of the country, this will not go down well with the general public, who will vote you out of power again and again. So, the Opposition should take responsibility for what they speak and how they behave and act.

OPPOSITION SHOULD NOT BE ANTAGONISTIC OR CONFRONTATIONAL

Why it should do so? One rule I learnt perhaps 32 years back was that in the workplace, cooperation is better than competition, and that, confrontation is just not acceptable. Not doing so will lead the country into chaos and strife, and will take it 1,200 years back. This is a golden rule, so repeat it, repeatedly. Further, antagonistic behaviour is a sign of insecurity, of weakness.

How it should do so? There is only one way you can take India forward---by team work, team play, and by espirit de corp. You should subsume your personal egos and ambitions for the good of the team and the country. Members of both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha should first and foremost think of what is in the good of the country, and not what is in their personal interest.

OPPOSITION HAS THE RIGHT FOR PEACEFUL PROTESTS AND AGITATIONS

Why it should do so? If the Opposition genuinely believes that the government is going wrong or is doing the wrong things, it should first establish this to the general public backed by facts and data, and it has every right to undertake peaceful protests and agitations. This is necessary to inform and educate the general public of the downturn of governance and get their participation.

How it should do so? But first, the Opposition should raise the issues in the Parliament and should allow the peaceful functioning of both the Houses and should not create a ruckus so that the sessions are adjourned. Every minute lost in the House leads to a loss of crores of rupees of the tax payers’ hard-earned money. The thumb rule is: Keep the interests of the country foremost. 

 

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