The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope specifically designed to conduct infrared astronomy. Its high-resolution and high-sensitivity instruments allow it to view objects too old, distant, or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope. This enables investigations across many fields of astronomy and cosmology, such as observation of the first stars and the formation of the first galaxies, and detailed atmospheric characterization of potentially habitable exoplanets. The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) led Webb's design and development and partnered with two main agencies: the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Maryland managed telescope development, while the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore on the Homewood Campus of Johns Hopkins University operates Webb. The primary contractor for the project was Northrop Grumman. The telescope is named after James E. Webb, who was the administrator of NASA from 1961 to 1968 during the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs.

Wednesday, December 07, 2016

The Trump Presidency: India Should Align with the US with Cautious Optimism



Donald Trump, the astute American real estate billionaire, has now muzzled his way to the White House as US-President elect. Trump is a man who has used the gift of the gab to his fullest advantage. He knows the public is swayed by well-timed words, and he chose his words to the hilt in the primaries. Trump enjoys a phenomenal public persona and he has literally danced his way to the White House. That’s where the stark and solid comparisons with Narendra Modi come in. He has used Modi quotes “Abki baar Trump Sarkar” and has also said in his election speeches that when elected “He would like to work like Modi”. Modi too knows how to choose his words, he has a pulse on the people, he is a great orator, he engages the public with innovative public schemes. So will the US and India under Trump and Modi gyrate to a cozy dance? My reading is that the bonhomie may be optimistically cautious rather than a roller coaster ride, Here’s why.

Trump has long been a votary of giving Americans more share of jobs. He wants to send back only illegal immigrants mainly from Mexico, Phillippines and Middle East countries. His argument is that illegal immigrants undercut the pay structure in the US, they promote crime, they ask for subsidies and live off the hard-working American’s earnings and are deliberately changing the demographic structure of the US. Trump believes these are serious issues which could have great ramifications for the US. Trump also wants to bring back jobs to America. He wants to abolish the H1B visa and if he implements this it could severely affect outsourcing to India and migration of Indians to US. But at the same time Trump favours Indians because they are educated, skilled and hard working and contribute a great deal to the American economy. Trump also wants that Indians who come to US for higher education be allowed to stay and take up jobs in the US.

Trump’s foreign policy is likely to favour India. He wants to usurp all trade treaties with countries which are milking the US. This means China will be greatly hit. Trump wants to build closer ties with India to counter China strategically. India should go for it. But at the same time Trump is not going to leave the Pajkistan handle because he needs it to supply troops to Afghanistan to check the Taliban and Al-qaeda. On the whole, Trump sees India as a more stabilising factor than China or Pakistan and in all likelihood is going to have a pro-India stance. At a convention during the elections, Trump proudly threw his weight behind India and Indians and praised the Hindu community for their united stand against terrorism. He wants to withdraw US troops from allies in east Asia or at least ask them to pay for this. With Russia, he wants to build bridges and does not see it as a foe. All good signs that Trump’s foreign policy is not going to adversely affect India.

Two persons of Indian origin are in the race to be included in Trump’s cabinet. Nikki Hailey, South Carolina Governor and daughter of Sikh immigrants from Amritsar will be the US ambassador to the United Nations. She is also likely to become later the US Secretary of State and then she could play a major role in world politics. The second is Bobby Jindal, Louisiana Governor who is in the race to be the US health secretary. Being a businessman, Trump is likely to show a great deal of pragmatism in his policies and is likely to cast his ball astutely. Trump Towers are also likely to come up in Pune, Gurgaon and Mumbai. But will the businessman in him outshine the public servant streak? Not likely. India should research Trump, his businesses, his cabinet and his policies carefully. India should articulate a strategy that benefits both India and US and India should work with the US more as a partner and ally while at the same time understanding the American point of view.

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